Class 10 Social notes-1
Class - 10 Social Hands out Covid Home Schooling (2077 Aswin 20)
Teacher : Sashi Raj Ghimire (Mob.9856045004)
Lesson -1 Human Resource Development
Ø
The person having the skill and capacity to do
certain work is called human resource.
Ø
The process of making the manpower of an
organization more efficient for better output is called Human Resource
Development.
Ø There are
three types of human resources: Unskilled, semi-skilled and skilled human
resource.
Ø The
manpower who does not have any specific skills and capacity to do a certain
work is called Unskilled H.R.
Ø The
manpower who have some limited skills to do certain task is called semi-skilled
Human Resource.
Ø The
manpower who are expert at doing certain task is called skilled Human Resource.
Ø Based on
time of producing manpower, they are also divided as Short-term H.R. and
Long-term H.R. If the manpower is produced with long time of training or study,
that is long term Human Resource, but if the manpower is produced with short
time training or study, they are shor-term Human resource.
Ø The process of Managing Human resource including,
job analysis, planning, recruiting, training,etc is H.R. Management.
Ø Training,
conducting seminar, workshop, observation tour are some ways of Human Resource
Development.
Ø Poverty,
lack of Skilled H.R., lack of will power in leadership, lack of clear H.R.
development policy in the country, unfair distribution of means and resources
are some challenges in Human Resource Development in the country.
Lesson -2 Human
Development Index and Nepal
Ø Human
Development Index (HDI) is the composite indicator of three basic dimensions of
human development. They are life expectancy, education, and per-capita income.
Ø HDI
helps people to know the development level of a country and compare it with
other countries. It also helps people to make a good development plan of a
country.
Lesson - 3 Concept of
Regional Development and Federalism
Ø Nepal
remained underdeveloped for over a long time even after the end of Rana Rule. Therefore
the country was divided into five Development Regions in 2037 B.s. to quit
poverty, underdevelopment, and regional imbalance.
Ø Unitary
system of governance is the system of ruling a country from the center only.
Ø In
Nepal, unitary system, constitutional monarchy, and multi-party democracy could
not satisfy the people. Therefore, federalism (federal system) was introduced
after second people's revolution in 2062/063.
Ø Federalism
is the system of governing a country dividing it into several autonomous
provinces having a separate government for each having a central government at
the same time. Now Nepal is divided into 7 provinces.
Ø Maintaining
close relation between the state and the people, maximum use of available means
and resources, and settling conflict in the local level, reduced dependency
upon center are the advantages of federalism.
Ø expensive
form of government, conflict for the distribution of means and resources
between the governments, difficult to divide power and authorities between the
governments are some disadvantages of federalism.
Lesson - 4 Provinces
of Nepal
Ø
Read the text given in the lesson and collect
different information regarding provinces of Nepal.
Unit - 2 Lesson - 1 Sustainable Development
Ø After the
development of science and technology, the development of the world is taken a
speed; however, the development did not pay attention to the ecology and future
generation. Therefore, Gro Harlem Brundtland presented a report named "Our
Common Future" in 1987, which raised the concept of Sustainable
Development
Ø Sustainable
Development means "Development that meets the needs of the present without
comprising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."
Sustainable development helps to reduce poverty, conserve natural environment,
proper use of means and resources and gain human development.
Ø Sustainable
Development has social, Economic, Natural and Political dimension.
Ø The
development activities that are planned to achieve certain goals by utilizing
the available means and resources over a specific period is called Development
Projects.
Ø The
Development Projects which are launched by the Nepal government by utilizing
Nepal's own means and resources and to benefit many people are called National
Priority Projects. There are twenty-one National Priority Projects in Nepal.
Read the projects given in the book and make the lists of advantages of the
project.
Lesson - 3
Infrastructure of Development: Skilled Manpower and Employment Opportunity
Ø The means
and resources which are necessary for the socio-economic development of the
nation is called infrastructure of development.
Ø The things
which you need to do something is called to means. The place which provides you
the means is called resource. Sometimes the term 'means and resource' can be
used for the same thing because it has both the purpose.
Ø The
resources given by nature is called natural resources but the people who can
work for the development of a country is called human resource.
Ø We need
human resource to utilize available other resources in the country and develop
it. Similarly, we need them to speed up
development activities, produce more skilled human resource and develop new
technology.
Ø Providing
technical and vocational training, quality education, introducing scientific
education and research-based education are some ways to produce skilled human
resources.
Ø The
problem of Brain-drain is widespread in Nepal. Brain-drain means the trend of
educated manpower going to foreign country in search of job, business, and
other opportunities.
Ø Due to the
growth of private sector employment, remittance, and increased literacy rate,
poverty alleviation program and decreased dependency in agriculture, poverty is
decreasing in Nepal.
Lesson -4 Contemporary Development Goals and Nepal
Ø UN General
Assembly set international development goals in 1990 AD which are to be
fulfilled by 2015 AD are known as Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). There
are 8 MDGs. Later these goals were reviewed and reset in 2015 AD. These
reviewed goals are called Sustainable Development Goals. Read the given goals
from the book.
Unit - 3 Lesson - 1 Our National Heritages
Ø Those
important and valuable objects, places, arts, culture, and natural environment
in a nation which have been passed from previous generation to the present
generation are called national heritages.
Ø The
heritages that belong to religion are religious heritages. The heritages that
belong to culture is called cultural heritages, and those that belong to nature
are called natural heritages.
Ø National
heritages are important because they give identity to the country, help to
promote tourism, and help for the study of art, culture, religion, and history
of a country.
Ø It is
people's duty to preserve national heritages. They can preserve it by making
them pollution free, by repairing and renovating time and again, by publicizing
them through various means and media, by making the locals aware about the
importance of heritages and, by providing tight security in the heritage sites.
Lesson - 4 Our Folk
Songs, Folk Dances and Musical Instruments
Ø
Folk songs, dances and musical instruments are
our cultural heritages. They give our identity. They add our cultural and national
glory. They help us to learn our past and to promote tourism. Therefore, they
are important. These days this folk culture is being disappeared because of the
youths' attraction to foreign music and lifestyle. They are not conscious about
their originality.
Ø
We can preserve it by various ways. The youths
should be taught about our original culture and made aware about its
importance. They should be taught in school and colleges about it. The folk
song singers and musicians should be given proper incentive. The competitions
of folk music should be organized time and often.
Ø
Those special days which are observed all over
the nation in memory of some historical events, great persons and significant
achievements are called National Days. Martyrs' Day, Children's Day,
Constitution Day, Democracy Day, Education Day, International Woman's Day,
International Labour Day, and Republic Day are some National days of Nepal.
Read the book and note the days for their observation, and write the possible
activities done for observation.
Lesson 6,7,8 (International personalities, Universal Brotherhood &
Senior Citizens)
Ø
Those people who have made important
contribution for the welfare and development of the mankind of the whole world
are called international personalities. Kailash Satyarthi, Malala Yousafzai,
Martin Luther King, Helen Keller, Stephen Hawking are some international
personalities. These people are inspiring to the young people of the world.
Ø
Treating and regarding the whole people of the
world like brothers and sisters is called universal brotherhood. Universal
brotherhood helps to promote peace and harmony in the world. As a result, the
world becomes better place for living.
Ø
Behave others as brothers and sisters, end any
kind of discrimination, resolve conflict through dialogue, extend love and
cooperation, respect diversity are some ways to promote universal brotherhood.
Ø
The elderly people in Nepal who are above 60
years of age are known as senior citizens. They should be respected for their
knowledge, experience, and contribution to build a good society and its
development. Neglecting the senior citizens is very bad. It is out of own's
duty. Therefore, our country has made many efforts to protect them.
Pensions/allowances have been given. There is the provision of free health
treatment, 50% discount in fare rate, reservation seats in public vehicles,
etc.
Unit- 4 Human Trafficking, Domestic Violence, Some
Bad customs (Some Social Problems)& others
Ø
The unwanted and illegal activities that happen
in the society and hampers its development are called social problems. Women
violence, Dowry, Child marriage, Untouchability, Child labor, Gender
discrimination, Human trafficking, corruption. Ghumto, Chhaupadi, Jhuma,
Bullying, are some social problems of our society.
Ø
The trade of humans for the purpose of forced
labor, commercial sexual exploitation, slavery is called Human Trafficking.
According to a recent survey, almost 9000 women are sold from Nepal every year.
Ø
Most of the victims of human trafficking are
children and women. The traffickers use various means such as threat, force,
coercion, abduction, fraud, deception, abuse of power, payments, etc for buying
and selling.
Ø
Mostly innocent, illiterate, and poor people
become its victim. Traffickers also sell human organs these days.
Ø
Increase in literacy, making people aware of
these problems, end of various kind of discrimination, providing employment
opportunities, tight security are some ways to solve these problems.
Ø
Violent behavior like battering, mistreatment,
threatening, coercion etc to the family members within the home is known as
domestic violence.
Ø
Domestic violence is dangerous because the
victim may suffer from depression or fear leading to suicide. It disrupts
family peace and harmony. Victims may involve in drugs and crime.
Ø
Therefore, people awareness should be increased,
discrimination should be ended, members should be in discipline, equal
ownership to the parental property should be given to solve these problems. Our
country has made some efforts to end them too.
Ø
Red Cross, Scout, SOS (Save Our Soul) INF
(International Nepal Fellowship, Plan Nepal, ILO(International Labor
Organizartion), Rotary International, NORAD(Norwegian Agency For International
Development), DANIDA(Danish International Development Agency) and
IUCN(International Union for Conservation of Nature) are some organizations
which help to resolve social problems by running various programs.
Ø
Read the text and find out the
activities/programs to conducted by these organizations.
Ø
Every member of a society should learn the
skills to solve social problems. For this purpose, he/she should identify the
problem, think of the possible alternative solutions. Then make the list of
advantages and disadvantages of each alternative solution. Finally implement or
follow the best alternative to solve the problem.
The End
SHREE
KUSUMAKAR SECONDARY SCHOOL
Class : 10 Madhyanepal-7,
Karaputar Lamjung
Full Marks: 60
Sub: Social Open Exam 2077
(Covid-19) pass
Marks: 40
(Students are requested to supply their
original answer for each question. Copying from any friend, book and guides
will not be accepted for evaluation.)
Group - A (6x1=6)
Q.N.1. What is Human
Resource Development? Write the names of three Skilled, three Semi-skilled and three Unskilled Human resource
available in your community.
Q.N.2.Write the name of a
Development project running in your village. Write objectives, budget, and duration of the project.
Q.N.3.How can you help to
reduce hunger in your village in this covid crisis? Write at least two ways.
Q.N.4. Write four lines
of Ratyauli Song people sing in your community.
Q.N.5. Prepare one slogan
to observe Democracy Day in your community.
Q.N.6. Make a list of
four Domestic violence found in your neighborhood.
Group - B (10x4=40)
Q.N.7. What is federal
system? Draw a separate map of each province fill in the district. Then write
the basic information of geographical, socio-cultural environment and
economic activities of each province
in points.
Q.N.8.Write a description
of Puspalal Mid-hill Highway (A national priority project).
Q.N.9. Write any four
major ways that can be done to promote economic activities in your community.
Q.N.10. Balan Dance is an
important cultural heritage of our community. Write its description in about 200 words.
Q.N.11 Write a
description of Ishaneshwar Mahadev in about 200 words as a religious heritage.
Q.N.12. Compose at least
8 lines of Teej song yourself.
Q.N.13. How do you like
to observe Education Day if your school is open as in normal situation?
Q.N. 14. Write a short
description of Malala Yousafzai and mention 4 points what you learn from her.
Q.N. 15. Write at least 6
ways to discourage the people of your community from drinking alcohol.
Q.N.16. How do you help
to solve the problem of Untouchability from your village? Write at least 6 ways.
Group - C (2x7=14)
Q.N.17. Draw Map of
federal Nepal in a white paper. divide the provinces, colour them with
different light color and
divide the district in the map. Out of the map write the name of the district
and their head quarter.
Q.N. 18. Write a short
development proposal for your community following the given guidelines.
A.
Name
of the Project:
B.
Introduction
of your village and need of the project (include location of the village,
number of houses and population, facilities available and need of this project):
C.
Objectives
of the Project:
D.
Proposed
Activities and Duration of the project:
E.
Estimated
Budget of the Project:
F.
Advantages
of the Project:
G.
Challenges
of the Project:
The End
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